| Explains the basic principles of molecular biological methods. |
| Lists the methods of fragmentation, separation, and purification. |
| Explains DNA isolation methods from microorganisms, human blood, and tissue samples. |
| Evaluates the results obtained from agarose and acrylamide gel electrophoresis methods. |
| Outlines the principles of gel electrophoresis and its main areas of application. |
| Explains PCR and Real-Time PCR techniques. |
| Relates primer types to their purposes of use. |
| Explains restriction enzymes and the RFLP method. |
| Uses DNA sequencing principles and bioinformatics databases. |
| Explains the basic steps of DNA isolation and PCR applications. |
| PCR optimizasyonu sürecini ve deney sırasında ortaya çıkabilecek hata kaynaklarını açıklar. |
| Explains the PCR optimization process and the potential sources of error that may arise during the experiment. |